Mental Health Among Family Caregivers of Older Adults with ADL Limitations in Wirogunan, Yogyakarta
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Abstract
Family caregivers who assist older adults with limitations in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) may experience psychological strain associated with sustained caregiving demands. This study aimed to describe depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among family caregivers of older adults with ADL limitations in Wirogunan Village, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A descriptive quantitative study was conducted with 50 family caregivers recruited through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a respondent-characteristics questionnaire and a modified version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21), then analyzed using univariate statistics. Most participants were female (80%), aged over 40 years (80%), had completed senior high school (46%), and were homemakers (64%). On the depression subscale, 84% of participants were within the normal range and 16% were classified as mild. On the anxiety subscale, 68% were normal, 26% mild, and 6% severe. On the stress subscale, 84% were normal, 14% mild, and 2% severe. Anxiety was the most frequently reported non-normal subscale, with 32% of participants classified as mild or severe. These findings suggest that most participants had scores within the normal range, although a subset reported anxiety, depression, or stress symptoms. Community-based caregiver education and psychosocial support may be considered, and further studies should investigate factors associated with caregiver mental health.
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